|
Alpha Arbutin (Premium Grade) |
Beta Arbutin (Standard Grade) |
|---|---|---|
CAS No. |
84380-01-8 |
497-76-7 |
Production Method |
Enzymatic fermentation / biosynthesis |
Chemical synthesis or plant extraction |
Tyrosinase Inhibition |
Superior—approximately 10× stronger than beta form |
Standard efficacy |
Recommended Dosage |
0.2–2.0% |
2–7% |
Stability |
Higher thermal and photostability; pH range 4.0–8.0 |
More prone to degradation |
Specific Optical Rotation |
+174° to +186° (identifies α configuration) |
−63° to −67° |
Regulatory Acceptance |
Preferred by EU and US premium brands |
Widely used in Asian mass-market products |
Solvent |
Solubility |
Application Recommendation |
|---|---|---|
Water |
Freely soluble (>50% at 25°C) |
Ideal for aqueous formulations |
Propylene Glycol |
Soluble (~30% at 25°C) |
Good alternative for solubilization |
Ethanol (95%) |
Slightly soluble (~5% at 25°C) |
Limited use in hydroalcoholic systems |
Oils |
Insoluble |
Requires emulsification for oil-based formulas |
Product Category |
Recommended Concentration |
Key Consideration |
|---|---|---|
Face Serums |
0.5–2.0% |
Optimal for daily brightening; combine with niacinamide |
Spot Treatments |
2.0–3.0% |
Maximum effective concentration for targeted pigmentation |
Facial Creams |
0.5–1.5% |
Stable at both pH 5 and pH 6 formulation bases |
Eye Creams |
0.5–1.0% |
Conservative dosing for sensitive eye area |
Sheet Masks |
2.0–3.0% |
Higher concentration acceptable for short contact time |
Cleansers (Rinse-off) |
0.2–0.5% |
Lower concentration due to short contact time |
Body Lotions |
0.5–1.0% |
Cost-effective for large surface area applications |
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